Simple Present Tenses Heru Cimay rwxr-xr-x 0 3/24/2011

Filename	Simple Present Tenses
Permission	rw-r--r--
Author	Heru Cimay
Date and Time	3/24/2011
Label
Action

 

A. Pola Kalimat.

(+) Subject + Verb 1 (s/es) + Object

(-) Subject + do/does + not + Verb 1 + Object

(?) Do/Does + Subject + Verb 1 + Object

Contoh :

a. Saya bermain tennis setiap minggu.

(+) I play tennis on Sundays.

(-) I do not play tennis on Sunday.

(?) Do I play tennis on Sundays?
b. Dia membaca novel setiap hari.

(+) He reads a novel every day.

(-) He does not read a novel every day.

(?) Does he read a novel every day.

B.      Penggunaan.

Simple present tenses digunakan juga untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang diulang-ulang atau kebiasaan sehari-hari (Habitual Action).

Contoh :

a. Ali always goes to school every day.

b. She gets up at 4 o’clock every morning.

c. I come to your house on Sundays.

Simple present tenses digunakan juga untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum (General Truth).

Contoh :

a. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

b. The earth goes around the sun.

c. A week has seven days.

Beberapa kata kerja tertentu tidak dapat dipakai di Present Continous Tense, misalnya : Agree (setuju), Believe (percaya), Consider (mempertimbangkan), Expect (mengharapkan), Like (suka), Miss (rindu), Hate (benci), Know (mengetahui), Remember (mengingat), Wish (mengharapkan), Want (ingin), Dalam hal ini yang dipakai adalah Simple Present Tense.

Contoh :

a. I love you. Bukan : I am loving you.

b. Smith believes in God. Bukan : Smith is believing in God.

c. She hates me. Bukan : She id hating me.

C.      Keterangan Waktu.

Ada beberapa keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan dalam Simple Present Tense :

1. Adverbs of frequency (keterangan frekuensi). {Always, usually, generally, never, sometimes, seldom, often}.

2. Adverbs of quantity (keterangan kuantitas) {Once, once a day, once a week, once a month, once a year, twice a day, twice a week, twice a month,twice a year, every day, every week, every month, every year}.

D.      Catatan.

1. Dalam kalimat positif berbentuk simple present tense, kata kerja untuk subjek orang ketiga tunggal (she, he, it) ditambah dengan menggunakan “-s” atau “-es”.

Contoh :

a. She works very hard.

b. He goes to the office every morning.

2.   Untuk kalimat negatif, ditambah not setelah do dan does. Do dipakai untuk subjek they,  we, you, I. Sedangkan does dipakai untuk subjek he, she, it, john.

Contoh :

a. They do not have a job right now.

b. John does not have enough money to buy a car.

3.  Kalimat pertanyaan dibuat dengan menambahkan do atau does didepan subjeknya.

Contoh :

a. Do you eat rice?

b. Does she eat rice?

4.  Ketentuan penambahan “-s” atau “-es” adalah sebagai berikut :

A.  Jika kata kerja berakhiran huruf desis (ch, c, ss, sh, x) dan o, maka kata kerjanya ditambah “-es”.

Contoh :

a. Catch → Catches.

b. Go → Goes.

c. Discuss → Discusses.

d. Push → Pushes.

e. Mix → Mixes.

B. Apabila kata kerja berakhiran huruf “y” dan didahului konsonan, maka “y” berubah menjadi “i”  baru ditambah “-es”.

Contoh :

a. Carry → Carries.

b. Fly → Flies.

c. Cry → Cries.

C.  Jika kata kerja berakhiran “y” dan didahului vocal, maka langsung saja ditambah “-s”.

Contoh :

a. Play → Plays.

b. Buy → Buys.